By the end of the lesson the students should be able to
1. State the characteristics of Living
things.
2. Differentiate between plants and
animals.

Biology As A Science.
Science can be defined as the systematic process of making inquiry about living and non living things in our environment.

Biology can be defined as the branch of science that deals with the study of living things. I.e it is the study of life and was derived from the Greek word. Bios meaning life and Logos to study.

Biology is useful to science in many
ways this includes
1. In Medicine for the manufacture of
by vaccines, Vertinary Medicine and
dentistry.
2. In the production of foods from
industries.
3. Biology is also applied in agriculture
and horticulture i.e both plants and
animals.
4. Biotechnology e.t.c.

Branches of Biology
1. Botany: study of plants.
2. Anatomy: study of internal structures
of living things.
3. Genetics: how living things inherit
characters from their parents.
4. Morphology: external features of living
things.
5. Physiology: study of how living things
functions.
6. Zoology: study of animals.
7. Ecology: study of living things and
their environment.

Characteristics Of Living Things
1. Movement: All living organisms possess structures for movement. For reproduction, search for food, excretio e.t.c

2. Respiration: this is the breakdown of
food substances in other to release
y energy.

3. Nutrition : this is the process of
feeding or assimilation of food to
carryout various metabolic activities. i.e
autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.

4. Sensitivity or Irritability: response to
external stimuli.

5. Growth: irreversible increase in size,
mass of an organism.

6. Excretion: removal of toxic waste
substances from the body of certain
organisms. e.g urine.

7. Reproduction: the ability of an
organism to reproduce an offspring. to
ensure continuity of life.

8. Competition, Adaptation and Lifespan.

Differences Between Plants And
Animals

1.Plants carry out autotrophic mode of
nutrition, while animals carry put
heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

2. Plants do not possess sense organs
while animals possess well developed
sense organs.
3. Growth in plants is apical, while
growth in animals is intercellary i.e
equal.
4. Plants have slow response to external
stimuli while animal response is fast
or rapid
5. Plants cannot move, animals have
developed organs for movement.

Classwork
1. Give four differences between living and non
living things.
2. What is Irritability.

Assignment
1. Explain the scientific methods.
2. State five areas where science can be applied.
3. list and explain three branches of
Biology.